margaret hamilton biography

Everything was done based on codes, so that they did not occupy too much space in the small memories of the computers, which were NOT made of silicon, but were housed in iron cores. In 1960, producer/director William Castle cast Hamilton as a housekeeper in his 13 Ghosts horror film, in which 12-year-old lead Charles Herbert's character taunts her about being a witch, including the final scene, in which she is holding a broom in her hand. It turned out that the astronaut checklist, which governed the actions the crew had to do before landing, had the crew set the rendezvous radar hardware switch in the wrong position. While studying mathematics and philosophy at Earlham College in Richmond, Indiana, she met James Hamilton, and they subsequently married. From 1961 to 1963, she worked at MIT on an unknown aircraft trajectory tracking project. Her "priority display" innovation had created a knock-on risk that astronaut and computer would slip out of synch just when it mattered most. Margaret Elaine Hamilton (born Heafield on August 17, 1936) is an American computer scientist, systems engineer, and business owner. [54][60] The IEEE Software September/October 2018 issue celebrates the 50th anniversary of software engineering. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. [17], It was her efforts on this project that made her a candidate for the position at NASA as the lead developer for Apollo flight software. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. In March 1986, she founded Hamilton Technologies, Inc. in Cambridge, Massachusetts. During one interview, she joked: I was in need of money at the time, I had done about six pictures for MGM at the time, and my agent called. Margaret Hamilton - Biography - IMDb Margaret Hamilton was born December 9, 1902 in Cleveland, Ohio, to Jennie (Adams) and Walter Hamilton. [18] In 1979, she was a guest speaker at a University of Connecticut children's literature class. She later founded two software companiesHigher Order Software in 1976 and Hamilton Technologies in 1986, both in Cambridge, Massachusetts. She graduated from Hancock High School and studied at the University . And I asked him what part, and he said, 'The Witch,' and I said, 'The Witch?!' Margaret Hamilton was born in 1936 in the United States. Hamilton, a 24-year-old with an undergrad degree in mathematics, had gotten a job as a programmer at MIT, and the plan was for her to support her husband through his three-year stint at Harvard. After she recuperated, she said, "I won't sue, because I know how this business works, and I would never work again. Click here if you want to see this biography in Spanish translation. Discover today's celebrity birthdays and explore famous people who share your birthday. Looking back, we were the luckiest people in the world; there was no choice but to be pioneers. In 1945, she played the domineering sister of Oz co-star Jack Haley in George White's Scandals, comically trying to prevent him from marrying actress Joan Davis, even going so far as to throw a hatchet at her. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Margaret Hamilton (December 9, 1902 - May 16, 1985) was an American film actress known for her portrayal of the Wicked Witch of the West in the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz. 1. [11], In Boston, Hamilton initially intended to enroll in graduate study in abstract mathematics at Brandeis University. A former schoolteacher, she worked as a character actor in films for seven years before she was offered the role that defined her public image. margaret-hamilton-bio-wiki-age-family-net-worth-height-nationality-and-facts.html. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Thompson, Arthur A.; Strickland, A. J., (1996), "Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases", Last edited on 26 February 2023, at 16:40, Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories, "001: A Full Life Cycle Systems Engineering and Software Development Environment", Universal Systems Language for Preventative Systems Engineering, A Formal Universal Systems Semantics for SysML, Universal Systems Language: Lessons Learned from Apollo, "President Obama Names Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom", "Former Earlham Student Had Role in Moon Flight", "2009 Outstanding Alumni and Distinguished Service Awards", "The Woman Who Taught Me Margaret Hamilton MAKERS Moment", "Margaret Hamilton: The Untold Story of the Woman Who Took Us to the Moon", "The statistical prediction of solutions of dynamic equations", "AGC Conference 1: Margaret Hamilton's introduction", "Scene at MIT: Margaret Hamilton's Apollo code", "NASA Engineers and Scientists-Transforming Dreams Into Reality", The History of Apollo On-board Guidance, Navigation, and Control, Keyboard and Display Program and Operation, "Moon landing memories:'Apollo 11 changed civilisation and I had a part in it', "Tales from the Lunar Module Guidance Computer", "Computer Got Loaded, letter to the editor of Datamation", Higher Order Software Evaluation and Critique, "Federal User Offers Free CAD/CAM Software", "And/Or Programs: A New Approach to Structured Programming", "Overview of Hamilton Technologies, Inc. (HTI) 001", "ICSE 2018 Plenary Sessions Margaret Hamilton", "What to Know About the Scientist who Invented the Term "Software Engineering", "NASA Engineers and Scientists Transforming Dreams Into Reality", "Margaret Hamilton: 2017 Fellow Biography", "Margaret Hamilton, the Engineer Who Took the Apollo to the Moon", "Her code got humans on the moon and invented software itself", "Software and a Woman at the Heart of Lunar Triumph", "A moonlit tribute to a moon landing icon", "Honour for software writer on Apollo moon mission", "White House honors two of tech's female pioneers", "Margaret Hamilton Awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom", "The 2017 Fellow Award Acceptance Speech", "Lego's 'Women of NASA' toy set is finally on sale and it's already Amazon's best-selling toy", "Investiture of scientist Margaret Hamilton as an honorary doctor of the UPC", "Margaret Hamilton Accepts 2019 Washington Award Nomination", "Bard College - 2019 Honorary Degree Recipients", "Margaret Hamilton's sister shares her memories as Seattle's seniors celebrate the 50th anniversary of the moon landing", "James Cox Hamilton, at 77; lawyer was quiet warrior for First Amendment", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Hamilton_(software_engineer)&oldid=1141753509. Soon after, Neil Armstrong radioed the expected message to Houston: The Eagle has landed, The Eagle has landed. Visit our corporate site (opens in new tab). CAPE ISLAND Tour boat operators sometimes entertained their passengers by referring to Cape Island as "Witch's Island." That's because the primary resident there, during summers from 1961 to 1985, was Margaret Hamilton, the actor who played the Wicked Witch of the West and Elmira Gulch in the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz.. and he said, 'What else? After graduation she married her first husband, James Cox Hamilton, and . Profiled in "American Classic Screen Interviews" (Scarecrow Press). The studio hired a new stunt double, Aline Goodwin, to finish the broomstick-riding scene for Danko.[9]. Only co-star Frank Morgan played more roles (five) in the film. Margaret Hamilton was born December 9, 1902 in Cleveland, Ohio, to Jennie (Adams) and Walter Hamilton. In later years, Hamilton appeared in films and made frequent cameo appearances on television sitcoms and commercials. [47] In 1980, British-Israeli computer scientist David Harel published a proposal for a structured programming language derived from HOS from the viewpoint of and/or subgoals. Garland visited Hamilton while the latter recuperated at home looking after her son. Related: Apollo Coder and 'Apollo 13' Actor Receive Presidential Medals of Freedom, SpaceX scrubs Crew-6 astronaut launch due to ignition-fluid issue, Experience SpaceX's Crew-6 astronaut mission with these amazing photos, DNA from 4 American presidents will launch to deep space, Asteroid Ryugu is rich in organic molecules that can be building blocks of life, On This Day In Space: Feb. 26, 1966: 1st launch of Saturn 1B rocket, Your monthly guide to stargazing & space science, Subscribe today and save an extra 5% with code 'LOVE5', Issues delivered straight to your door or device. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. She later attended Hathaway Brown School in Shaker Heights, Ohio, and practiced acting doing children's theater while a Junior League of Cleveland member. Hamilton and Morgan never share any scenes in Oz. I guess for a minute they get the feeling they got when they watched the picture. As Neil Armstrong was already preparing to bring the ship down, the computer started displaying two errors: error 1201 and error 1202. So, how much is Margaret Hamilton worth at the age of 83 years old? skywriting sequence at the Emerald City. Hamilton said: What they used to do when you came into this organization as a beginner, was to assign you this program which nobody was able to ever figure out or get to run. Zeitlin, Arnold. The contract was awarded just weeks before then-President John F. Kennedy announced that he planned to have humans on the moon by the end of the decade. She is one of the people credited with coining the term "software engineering". "Deeply Integrated Guidance Navigation Unit (DI-GNU) Common Software Architecture Principles". [1], On November 22, 2016, Hamilton received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from president Barack Obama for her work leading to the development of on-board flight software for NASA's Apollo Moon missions. [62] Writing in Wired, Robert McMillan noted: "At MIT she assisted in the creation of the core principles in computer programming as she worked with her colleagues in writing code for the world's first portable computer". When she was 80 years old, on November 22, 2016, Margaret Hamilton received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, presented by the President of the United States, Barack Obama, for her work at NASA during the Apollo missions. Hamilton had thought long and hard about this. But a software incident almost derailed the landing, as Hamilton recalled in a 2009 interview with MIT. When she reprised her role as the Wicked Witch in a 1976 episode of Sesame Street, "the show's producers were flooded with letters from parents saying it was too frightening for children. President Barack Obama presents Apollo code developer Margaret Hamilton (at left) and "Apollo 13" actor Tom Hanks (right) with the Presidential Medal of Freedom on Nov. 22, 2016. She was best known for her portrayal of the Wicked Witch of the West, and her Kansas counterpart Almira Gulch, in the 1939 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film The Wizard of Oz.A former schoolteacher, she worked as a character actress in . Margaret Hamilton's net worth A century earlier, she had a worthy British predecessor named Ada Lovelace. ..and your little dog, too!" The woman behind of cinema's most iconic villains, Cleveland-born Margaret . DAAAE30-02-D-1020 and DAAB07-98-D-H502/0180, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ, 20032004. The Opportunity of a Lifetime. Your email address will not be published. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Margaret-Hamilton-American-computer-scientist, Space.com - Margaret H. Hamilton: Apollo Computer Programmer, Wired - Her Code Got Humans on the Moon - And Invented Software Itself, Margaret Hamilton - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Margaret Hamilton - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Hamilton's plain looks helped to bring steady work as a character actress. [63] Hamilton's innovations go beyond the feats of playing an important role in getting humans to the Moon. In recent years, a striking photo of Hamilton and her teams Apollo code has made the rounds on social media and in articles detailing her key contributions to Apollo 11's success. View popular celebrities life details, birth signs and real ages. Updates? Opposite Bud Abbott and Lou Costello, she played a heavily made-up witch in Comin' Round the Mountain, where her character and Costello go toe-to-toe with voodoo dolls made of each other. It was July 20, 1969. After only one crewed mission in Earth orbit Apollo 7 in early 1968 NASA elected to send Apollo 8's command module solo that December on an orbital mission to the moon, out of concerns that the Soviet Union would get there first. According to Hamilton, this now-iconic image (at left, above) was taken at MIT in 1969 by a staff photographer for the Instrumentation Laboratory later named the Draper Laboratory and today an independent organization for use in promotion of the labs work on the Apollo project. For her work, she was honored with the Presidential Medal. She loved and doted upon children all her life. She did a stint as a What's My Line? As she grew, she quickly developed a passion for mathematics and decided to work in this domain. The mirrors at the Ivanpah plant were configured to create a picture of Hamilton and the Apollo 11 by moonlight. [33] The asynchronous executive designed by J. Halcombe Laning[34][30][35] was used by Hamilton's team to develop asynchronous flight software: Because of the flight software's system-software's error detection and recovery techniques that included its system-wide "kill and recompute" from a "safe place" restart approach to its snapshot and rollback techniques, the Display Interface Routines (AKA the priority displays) together with its man-in-the-loop capabilities were able to be created in order to have the capability to interrupt the astronauts' normal mission displays with priority displays of critical alarms in case of an emergency. In The Paul Lynde Halloween Special (1976), she portrayed Lynde's housekeeper, reprising the Wicked Witch role, as well as introducing Lynde to the rock group Kiss. One of the many contributors to this effort was Margaret Hamilton, a computer scientist who led the Software Engineering Division of the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, which in 1961 contracted with NASA to develop the Apollo programs guidance system. And it was at the age of 22 that she graduated from Earlham . Biography of Margaret Hamilton, American Computer Scientist, Biography of Elizabeth Barrett, British poet, Biography of Ursula von der Leyen, German politician, Biography of Isabel Zendal, Spanish nurse, Biography of Sheila Herrero, Spanish athlete, Biography of Genoveva Torres, Spanish religious. Her Code Got Humans on the MoonAnd Invented Software Itself She lived in Manhattan for most of her adult life, and summered in a cottage on Cape Island, Southport, Maine. 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Margaret H. Hamilton: Apollo Computer Programmer | Space [16][18] These made her code incredibly reliable because they helped programmers identify and fix anomalies before they became major problems.[26]. [2], Margaret Elaine Heafield was born August 17, 1936, in Paoli, Indiana,[3] to Kenneth Heafield and Ruth Esther Heafield (ne Partington). In 1954, she graduated from Thomas Hancock High School in Minnesota. She had three grandchildren, Christopher, Scott, and Margaret. [1] Her remains were cremated at Poughkeepsie Rural Cemetery, and her ashes were scattered in Amenia, New York.[20]. They have a daughter named Lauren. She is a member of famous Actress with the age 83 years old group. Margaret Hamilton: Credits, Bio, News & More | Broadway World Bill Dunford Under her married name of Margaret Meserve, she served on the Beverly Hills Board of Education from 1948 to 1951. Not because of his acceptance of the new 'term' per se, but because we had earned his and the acceptance of the others in the room as being in an engineering field in its own right. Hat, Coat and Glove. Credit: Deansfa Marriage and family of Margaret Hamilton In the 1960s, Hamilton was a regular on another CBS soap opera, The Secret Storm, playing the role of Grace Tyrell's housekeeper, Katie. [42][43][44] It was successfully used in numerous government programs[45][46] including a project to formalize and implement C-IDEF, an automated version of IDEF, a modeling language developed by the U.S. Air Force in the Integrated Computer-Aided Manufacturing (ICAM) project. [24] She worked to gain hands-on experience during a time when computer science courses were uncommon and software engineering courses did not exist. Margaret Hamilton | Computer Scientist - NASA Solar System Exploration There was no second chance. Hamilton was a regular parishioner of the Presbyterian church. Biography of Margaret Hamilton, American scientist, notable computer scientist who worked at NASA in support of Apollo missions. Played Aunt Eva on the radio series Ethel and Albert in the 1940s and 1950s . mystery guest on the popular Sunday night CBS-TV program. For her work, she was honored with the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2016. [2010]. She later attended Hathaway Brown School in Shaker Heights, Ohio, and practiced acting doing children's theater while a Junior League of Cleveland member. Margaret Elaine Hamilton (born Heafield on August 17, 1936) is an American computer scientist, systems engineer, and business owner. They were married on June 15, 1958, the summer after she graduated from Earlham. I said, 'Yes?' UConnToday, 23 April 2013. Half a century ago, MIT played a critical role in the development of the flight software for NASAs Apollo program, which landed humans on the Moon for the first time in 1969. She subsequently developed Alzheimer's disease and died in her sleep following a heart attack on May 16, 1985 in Salisbury, Connecticut at the age of 82. more information Accept. In reality, she cared deeply about children, frequently giving to charitable organizations. Hamilton made her debut as a "professional entertainer" on December 9, 1929, in a "program of 'heart rending songs'" in the Charles S. Brooks Theater at the Cleveland Play House. Hamilton's line from The Wizard of Oz "I'll get you, my pretty, and your little dog, too!" The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Hamilton was cast after Gale Sondergaard, who was first considered for the role, albeit as a more glamorous witch with a musical scene, declined the role when the decision was made that the witch should appear ugly.[6]. MIT's instrumentation lab received the contract for the Apollo guidance and control systems on Aug. 9, 1961, when the United States had accomplished only two spaceflights both with just one crewmember on board, and both in suborbital space. It is possible to find relevant details of the biography of this extraordinary pioneer on many websites. [37] Jack Garman, a NASA computer engineer in mission control, recognized the meaning of the errors that were presented to the astronauts by the priority displays and shouted, "Go, go!" Submitted by Anonymous (not verified) on Wed, 2022-06-01 07:53, By Maia Weinstock | MIT News Office "Hamilton contributed to concepts of asynchronous software, priority scheduling and priority displays, and human-in-the-loop decision capability, which set the foundation for modern, ultra-reliable software design and engineering," the citation for her medal read. Quote her most famous line, however, and watch their eyes blink awake with recognition: "I'll get you my pretty! There was no second chance. Margaret Hamilton biography American computer scientist - Salient Women Biography:Margaret Hamilton (software engineer) - HandWiki "From my own perspective, the software experience itself (designing it, developing it, evolving it, watching it perform and learning from it for future systems) was at least as exciting as the events surrounding the mission," she said. Hamilton spent six weeks recovering from the incident and refused to do any more fire-related stunts on the film set. Coming up with solutions and new ideas was an adventure. "It quickly became clear that the software was not only informing everyone that there was a hardware-related problem, but that the software was compensating for it. ", /system/people/detail_images/320_Margaret_Hamilton.jpg, /system/people/list_images/320_Margaret_Hamilton_320.jpg. Moore Boeck. In 2009, she received the Outstanding Alumni Award by. (Revised December 29, 2004). Her husband is Paul Boynton Meserve (13 June1931 - 20 May1938)( divorced)( 1 child). Earlham College, Richmond. For her work during this period, Hamilton has been credited with popularizing the concept of software engineering. I was the first one to get it to work. Margaret Heafield Hamilton is an American computer scientist, systems engineer, and business owner.

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